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Pad & Home Income

Underwrite a Deal Updated Sep 13, 2026 Investors entering park rents and inventory

Pad & Home Income is where a park deal's rental income comes from. It is not a list of tenants — it is an inventory of developed pads, grouped by who owns the home standing on them, with a monthly rate for each group. Get the grouping right and the rest of the underwrite follows.

TOH and POH: the one distinction everything rests on

Two abbreviations run through every park document you will read:

  • TOH — tenant-owned home. The resident owns the home; you rent them the land. Your income is lot rent.
  • POH — park-owned home. You own the home and the land. Your income has two parts: the lot portion and the home-only portion.

These are different businesses with different risk, different expenses, and different lender treatment — which is why Mogul Deal Evaluator never blends them into a single "rent". The Pad & Home Income card shows them as two rows, Tenant-owned and Park-owned, each with its own occupied and vacant counts and its own Lot / mo and Home / mo rates.

Count the inventory

The Pad & Home Income card: a two-row current rent roll with Tenant-owned and Park-owned rows, each showing an occupancy badge with occupied and vacant counts and its Lot / mo and Home / mo rates, above a stats strip reading Developed pads, Physical occupancy and In-place rent / year.
One row per ownership group — tenant-owned pads earn lot rent only; park-owned homes earn a lot portion plus a home-only portion.

Open Edit inventory & rents. Four counts describe your developed inventory, and each developed pad belongs to exactly one of them:

  • Occupied pads (tenant-owned) — a resident's home is there and paying lot rent.
  • Vacant pads — developed pads with no park-owned home on them. Ready for a home; earning nothing.
  • Occupied homes (park-owned) — your home, leased.
  • Vacant homes — your home, empty.

Those four add up to Developed pads, the figure in the card's stats row and the basis for physical occupancy.

Undeveloped land is not inventory. Potential undeveloped pads lives in the leasing plan, is reported separately, and earns nothing until a pad is actually developed and leased. Counting expansion land as pads inflates both the pad count and the occupancy denominator — the two numbers a buyer checks first.

Enter the rents — three rates, not one

All park rents are monthly; the engine annualizes them once. The editor asks for three:

  • Lot rent / month — what a tenant-owned home pays for the land.
  • Lot portion / month — the land share of a park-owned home's rent.
  • Home-only portion / month — what the home itself earns, excluding the lot portion.

Each rate is a group average, so use the average in-place rent actually being collected by that group. A rate becomes required once its group has an occupied count: you cannot save occupied tenant-owned pads with no lot rent, or occupied park-owned homes without both the lot portion and the home-only portion.

Splitting a combined home-and-lot rent

Most park-owned-home leases quote one number — the resident pays a single monthly amount for the home and the pad together. The model needs it in two parts, so you have to choose an allocation and be able to say where it came from.

For an illustrative $850 combined lease, an assumed $400 lot portion leaves $450 as home-only rent. The two portions must add up to the combined rent you are modeling. Whatever basis you choose, record it under Sources & rent evidence so the number can be defended later.

Common bases for the lot portion, strongest first:

  • An allocation already stated in the lease or the seller's records — if the split is documented, use it.
  • The lot rent tenant-owned homes pay at the same park, as a reference point for what the pad earns. It is a reasonable starting assumption, not an established land value or an automatically correct answer — a park-owned pad may sit in a different part of the park, or include different services.
  • Park lot-rent comps for the market, with the same caution.
Two ways to get this wrong. Entering the full combined rent in both fields double-counts the income outright. Entering it all as lot rent keeps the total right but misclassifies home income as lot income — the park then looks like it earns far more from land and nothing from its homes, which is the one breakdown a lender, a buyer or your own exit analysis will want to read separately. Neither is a valuation conclusion the model draws; both simply describe the park wrongly.

Keep the split consistent with what the rent actually covers: exclude utilities and mandatory fees from both portions — the importer applies the same rule, requiring lot plus home-only to equal the row's monthly rent net of those charges. And if the source documents genuinely do not support a split, that is a diligence item to resolve with the seller, not a number to invent.

Current rents versus new-lease rents

The rates in Edit inventory & rents are your in-place rents: they describe the inventory you already have, and every occupied pad in a group earns that group's rate. Rents you expect on the leases your business plan creates live separately, in the leasing plan's New-lease rents — and they apply only to what that plan actually produces: vacant pads and homes you fill, and pads you develop.

Keeping the two apart is what stops a new-lease assumption from silently repricing occupied residents. A new-lease rate you never set starts from the matching current rate; once you enter a value, it is independent. Be clear about the limit, though: the model does not schedule turnover. There is no move-out, renewal or re-lease input, so an occupied pad never vacates and comes back at the new rate. Ordinary rent growth is the separate, supported way to escalate rents over the hold — it applies across the projection from Year 2. See Infill, Infrastructure & Park Capital.

Physical occupancy versus economic occupancy

Both appear on a park, and they answer different questions.

  • Physical occupancy = occupied pads and homes ÷ developed pads. It counts doors, and it is what the card's stats row shows.
  • Economic occupancy = in-place rent ÷ potential rent, where potential rent charges every developed pad its group's rate — including the empty ones. It counts dollars.

They differ whenever your vacant inventory is worth more or less per pad than your occupied inventory — for example, empty park-owned homes drag economic occupancy down harder than empty tenant-owned pads, because a park-owned pad's potential includes the home portion too.

On a park the in-place occupancy field is read-only — it is derived from your inventory, so it can never disagree with the pad counts. The card is titled Occupancy & Collection Losses because what you still enter there is the collection side: the projection vacancy rate, delinquency, and concessions. Projection vacancy is an additional loss on scheduled occupied rent; the empty pads are already modeled by the inventory itself.

Importing a pad rent roll

Instead of typing the inventory, use Import rent roll on the Pad & Home Income card. A park rent roll needs one row per developed pad, and each row must say three things: which pad, who owns the home (TOH or POH), and its status — occupied or vacant. Rent alone never establishes occupancy, and a row marked vacant may not carry a positive current rent.

Occupied rows also need their rent split the same way the editor does: the lot portion plus the home-only portion must equal the row's monthly current rent, excluding utilities and mandatory fees. Rows the importer cannot classify are flagged for you to fix before approval — separate houses and undeveloped land are not developed pads and do not belong on the sheet.

How imported rows become the model

The review screen shows every row, but the model it writes is grouped, because that is what Pad & Home Income stores:

  • Rows are tallied into the four inventory counts by ownership and status.
  • Each rate — lot rent, lot portion, home-only portion — becomes the weighted average of that group's rows, so the collected income the sheet reports is preserved exactly.
  • Expand View proposed pad and home income on the review screen to see the individual rows behind those averages before you approve. The source rows stay in the import audit afterwards.

One case stops the import on purpose: if a group's vacant pads are priced on a different basis than its occupied pads, a single group rate cannot preserve both the collected rent and the potential rent. Rather than quietly changing one of them, approval is blocked and the review screen says so. Reconcile the asking rates in the source file, or enter the inventory manually.

Approving replaces this scenario's Pad & Home Income — its counts and its group rates. Other income, expenses, financing, your leasing and infrastructure assumptions, and every other scenario are left alone.

Common questions

  • "My in-place rent per year looks low." — Only occupied pads and homes contribute. Vacant inventory raises potential rent, not collected rent.
  • "Where do water reimbursements go?" — Under Other Income, with the gross utility bill under Operating Expenses. Don't net the expense and also add the reimbursement.
  • "Can I change occupancy directly?" — Not on a park; edit the inventory and occupancy follows.
  • "The importer rejected my sheet's ownership column." — It reads TOH / tenant-owned / resident-owned and POH / park-owned / community-owned. Label the column and re-upload.
mobile home park MHP pad rent lot rent TOH POH tenant-owned park-owned occupancy
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